Dylan Thomas - Biography, Surrealism, and BBC Parts 1-7

Tom Hollander playing Dylan Thomas. BBC/Modern Television | Remembering Dylan Thomas

Dylan Thomas

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dylan_Thomas

Dylan Marlais Thomas (27 October 1914 – 9 November 1953) was a Welsh poet and writer^[1][2] who wrote exclusively in English. In addition to poetry, he wrote short stories and scripts for film and radio, which he often performed himself. His public readings, particularly in America, won him great acclaim; his sonorous voice with a subtle Welsh lilt became almost as famous as his works. His best-known works include the "play for voices" Under Milk Wood and the celebrated villanelle for his dying father, "Do not go gentle into that good night". Appreciative critics have also noted the craftsmanship and compression of poems such as "In my Craft or Sullen Art"^[3] and the rhapsodic lyricism of "Fern Hill' ".

[BBC] 

Dylan Thomas: From Grave to Cradle

Arena

Author and broadcaster Nigel Williams examines the work and the legend of one of the most famous poets of the 20th century, Dylan Thomas.

Born in 1914, Dylan Thomas was an unruly and undisciplined child who was interested only in English at school and was determined from childhood to become a poet. Little did he know that he would eventually become world-renowned.

Cited by Bob Dylan, John Lennon, Van Morrison and other cultural icons as a profound influence, Thomas occupies the space more readily associated with the likes of James Dean and Jack Kerouac, both of whom he preceded.

But it was his death that truly made him a legend. Did Dylan Thomas really die after drinking 18 straight whiskies at The White Horse in New York? Was he a genius or a sponging, womanising drunk?

The film unravels the myth by tracing the poet's biography backwards, from his much written about, much lied about death to the heart of the Dylan Thomas story and his beginnings in a quiet street in suburban Swansea. (2003)

Dylan Thomas - Film Biography

The Edge of Love [Trailer]

Arena - Dylan Thomas From Grave to Cradle (BBC 2003) - Part 1

Arena - Dylan Thomas From Grave to Cradle (BBC 2003) - Part 2

Arena - Dylan Thomas From Grave to Cradle (BBC 2003) - Part 3

(unavailable - https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078mv0)

Arena - Dylan Thomas From Grave to Cradle (BBC 2003) - Part 4

Arena - Dylan Thomas From Grave to Cradle (BBC 2003) - Part 5

Arena - Dylan Thomas From Grave to Cradle (BBC 2003) - Part 6

Arena - Dylan Thomas From Grave to Cradle (BBC 2003) - Part 7

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Dylan Thomas Companion
http://goldenessays.com/free_essays/3/poetry/dylan-thomas-companion.shtml

And Death Shall Have No Dominion

by Golden Essays

[When] Auden and Christopher Isherwood set sail for the United States, the so-called 'All the fun' age ended. Auden's generation of poets' expectations came to nothing after the end of the Spanish Civil War, and they, disillusioned, left the European continent for good.

In the late 1930s the school of Surrealism reached England, and Dylan Thomas was one of the few British authors of the time who were followers of this new trend in the arts. He shared the Surrealist interest in the great abstracts of Love and Death, and composed most of his work according to the rules of Surrealism.

His first two volumes, Eighteen Poems and Twenty-five Poems were published in the middle of the decade and of this short surrealistic era as well. Dylan Thomas was declared the Shelley of the 20th century as his poems were the perfect examples of 'new-romanticism' with their 'violent natural imagery, sexual and Christian symbolism and emotional subject matter expressed in a singing rhythmical verse' (Under Siege - Robert Hewison, 1977.).

The aim of 'new-romanticism' was setting poets free from W.H. Auden's demand for 'the strict and adult pen'. In 1933 Dylan Thomas sent two of his poems to London, one of which was an earlier version of his famous poem, And Death Shall Have No Dominion. It was dated April 1933 in Thomas's notebook and was published for the first time in the 18 May 1933 issue of the New English Weekly.

After its first publication, the poem was altered several times and got its final form in Twenty-five Poems, even though Thomas was not particularly proud of this work of his, and was not sure about publishing it for a second time. Immediately in its title, the poem has a reference to the New Testament, which was one of Dylan Thomas's main sources of metaphor. The title (and the refrain of the poem as well):

'And Death Shall Have No Dominion' has been taken from the King James Version of the Scriptures, which, with its flowing language and prose rhythm, has had profound influence on the literature of the past 300 years. 'Knowing that Christ being raised from the dead dieth no more; death hath no more dominion over him. For in that he died, he died unto sin once: but in that he liveth, he liveth unto God. Likewise reckon ye also yourselves dead to be dead indeed unto sin, but alive unto God through Jesus Christ our Lord.' Romans 6:9-11

There is another line in the poem,

'Though they sink through the sea they shall rise again;' which resembles a line from the Scripture: 'And the sea gave up the dead which were in it, and death and hell delivered up the dead which were in them: and they were judged every man according to their works.' Revelation 20:13

The assertive optimism of the poem can also be brought into connection with the traditions of evangelical hymns, which is best reflected in the lines;

'Though they go mad they shall be sane, Though they sink through the sea they shall rise again; Though lovers be lost love shall not, And death shall have no dominion.'

It seems, that it is this assertive optimism Dylan Thomas is trying to impose on the reader, and, perhaps on himself as well in this poem, maybe in order to keep his sanity. Being one of the least obscure of Dylan Thomas's poetry, it was evident, that of his earlier woks, beside Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night and The Force That through the Green Fuse Drives the Flower, And Death Shall Have No Dominion would catch public imagination quite easily. The thing in this poem that drew the attention of the everyman was the constancy of hope coming from the notion that everything is cyclical: though the individuals perish, 'they shall rise again', and, though particular loves are lost, love itself continues.

The tone of this poem is quite sermon-like, and its atmosphere is rather Christian; yet, the central theme in it is not religion, nor the religious beliefs concerning death but the relationship between man and nature. Thomas claims in the second stanza that deliverance from death is not through religious faith as

'Faith in their hands shall snap in two, And the unicorn evils run them through;' but he declares man's unity with nature at death: 'Dead men naked they shall be one With the man in the wind and the west moon.'

The frame of the poem is the title, the first line, the refrain from the Bible, repetitive and insistent at the beginning and the end of each stanza. Between these lines the poem is full of vivid imagery, of which probably the most significant can be found in the above-mentioned line ('With the man in the wind and the west moon;'). Here Dylan Thomas uses one of his most characteristic devices: the transferred epithet, to create a new image form 'the man in the moon and the west wind'.

Beside his sophisticated use of poetic devices, Thomas's poems are full of lively images, such as

'When their bones are picked clear and clean bones gone, They shall have stars at elbow and foot;', or 'Twisting on racks when sinews give way, Strapped to a wheel, yet they shall not break;'

which sometimes seem to be a completely meaningless confusion of images. This is one characteristic of Surrealist poetry. In the case of And Death Shall Have No Dominion this 'confusion' is counterbalanced with the repetition, therefore the meaning, the feeling of the poem is homogeneous, even despite the rather nothing-to-do-with-each-other images.

The significance of this poem lies in its being simple and subtle at the same time.

---

Bibliography

1. A Dylan Thomas Companion - John Ackerman, 1991 2. All references to the Bible from the Bible Gateway (www.gospelcom.net) 3. Dylan Thomas - Paul Ferris, 1977 4. The Ironic Harvest - Geoffrey Thurley, 1974 5. The King James Version (KJV) of the Bible, 1611 6. The Norton Anthology of English Literature 7. The Oxford Illustrated History English Literature - ed. Pat Rogers, 1987 8. The Penguin History of Literature, The Twentieth Century - ed. Martin Dodsworth, 1994 9. Under Siege (Literary Life in London 1939-1945) - Robert Hewison, 1977

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Dylan Thomas' life in pictures

https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-26648881

April 2, 2014

Dylan Marlais Thomas is perhaps Wales' best-known writer. A season marking the centenary of Thomas’ birth is to be unveiled today by BBC Cymru Wales.

Dylan Thomas was born on 27 October 1914 at 5 Cwmdonkin Drive. As a boy, Dylan knew the western suburbs of Swansea, particularly nearby Cwmdonkin Park. Dylan attended Swansea Grammar School, where his father had been teaching for two decades. His first poem was published in the school magazine.

A submission to a BBC poetry competition resulted in it being read on air. In 1934 he moved to London where his first poetry collection, 18 Poems, was praised by a number of established poets. In the 1940s, Dylan became a regular presence on the BBC writing scripts, reading poetry and short stories, as well as acting.

Dylan married Caitlin Macnamara in 1937. Their first child, Llewelyn, was born the following year. They had two more children – a daughter, Aeronwy and a son, Colm. The family settled in Laugharne, Carmarthenshire, in 1949. Dylan and Caitlin had a volatile marriage which was exacerbated by heavy drinking on both sides.

The main themes of Dylan Thomas' poetry were nostalgia, life, death, and lost innocence. He wrote often about his past as a boy or as a young man. Wales and the landscapes and people became an integral part of his writing. Pictured here is his writing shed in Laugharne.

Dylan Thomas first travelled to America in 1950 to earn money through a tour. He had harboured desires to travel there since the 1930s, but World War Two prevented him. His poems were being published there, and he had a considerable stateside following. He also became known for his excessive drinking as well as his poetry.

This undated image of a letter to BBC producer Douglas Cleverdon was written in 1953 - eight months before Dylan’s death. It details progress on one of his most famous works, Under Milk Wood.

On a final trip to New York in 1953, Dylan began drinking heavily and was unable to stop vomiting during a rehearsal of Under Milk Wood. Dylan Thomas died at noon on Monday 9 November 1953. The post mortem gave the primary cause of death as pneumonia, with pressure on the brain and a fatty liver given as contributing factors. He is buried at St Martin's Church in Laugharne.

Dylan Thomas - Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night

Do not go gentle into that good night

Dylan Thomas (1914-1953)

Do not go gentle into that good night,
Old age should burn and rave at close of day;
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

Though wise men at their end know dark is right,
Because their words had forked no lightning they
Do not go gentle into that good night.

Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright
Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay,
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight,
And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way,
Do not go gentle into that good night.

Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight
Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay,
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

And you, my father, there on that sad height,
Curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears, I pray.
Do not go gentle into that good night.
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.


Dylan Thomas
1951

http://www.dylanthomas.com/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do_not_go_gentle_into_that_good_night

Dylan Thomas, “Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night” from The Poems of Dylan Thomas. Copyright 1939, 1946 by New Directions Publishing Corporation. Reprinted with the permission of New Directions Publishing Corporation.

Source: The Collected Poems of Dylan Thomas (New Directions Publishing Corporation, 1957)

Come Gentle Night - Abel Korzeniowski

R.E. Slater - The Power of Our Words (a poem)

The Power of Our Words

by R.E. Slater

Thus spake Adam -

In the hurry of the day,
In the brevity of life,
At the dawn of creation,
Before the Tree of Life,

“Giveth to me the power of your words…”

      To bind or create
      Make dead or alive
      Burden or uplift
      Withhold or provoke
      Bury or resurrect
      Expire or inspire
      Imprison or release
      Prevent or excite
      Dissuade or arouse
      Divide or multiply

      To add or subtract
      Fortify or offend
      Declare or hide
      Begin or end
      Wake or sleep
      Enrich or impoverish
      Transpire or cease
      Help or hurt
      Heal or harm
      Transform or change

Spake the Voice of the Almighty -

Like the oceans of turbulent seas,
Like the storm its thunderous deeps,
On birdsong as gentle as the breeze,
As love ever bent in tender kiss,

“Bless now the power of My words…”


- R.E. Slater
October 31, 2011

@copyright R.E. Slater Publications
all rights reserved

Crocodile Poems, Songs & Other Children's Rhymes

Crocodile Poems

From “Alice in Wonderland”

How doth the little crocodile
Improve his shining tail,
And pour the waters of the Nile
On every golden scale!

How cheerfully he seems to grin
How neatly spreads his claws,
And welcomes little fishes in,
With gently smiling jaws!

- Lewis Carroll

If You Should Meet A Crocodile
If you should meet a crocodile
Don't take a stick and poke him
Ignore the welcome in his smile,
Be careful not to stroke him.
For as he sleeps upon the Nile,
He thinner gets and thinner,
And whene'er you meet a crocodile
He's ready for his dinner.

A Crocodile Sat Crying
A crocodile sat crying
By the river one fine day.
His tears fell in the water
And were swiftly swept away;
But as he sat there crying,
From the corner of his eye,
He looked around most carefully
To see what would pass by.
Swimming in the river
Was a juicy little frog,
Who thought the weeping crocodile
Was just a fallen log.
He hopped out of the water
For a rest there by its side,
But as he settled down he saw
The crocodile who cried.
”Come closer,” said the crocodile,
And wipe away my tear.”
The frog jumped backwards quickly
And he answered, “No-NO! my dear.
I’m sure you’d like to eat me
For I know your little game.”
And he jumped back in the water
And was never seen again.
Now listen, little animals,
Here’s something you should know,
Beware the weeping crocodile,
His tears are all for show!

Crocodile Songs

Never Smile at a Crocodile
Never smile at a crocodile,

never tip your hat or stop to talk awhile

Never walk - run away!

Say goodnight - not G'day!

Never tip your hat and smile at a crocodile !

- an Aussie Song





The Crocodile Song

Oh she sailed away on a

pleasant summer’s day

on the back of a crocodile.

“You see,” said she, “he’s as

tame as he can be, I’ll

float him down the Nile.”

But the croc’ winked his eye as she

waved to all good-bye,

wearing a sunny smile.

At the end of the ride the

lady was inside, and the

smile on the croc-o-dile!





Never Smile at a Crocodile Lyrics
Never smile at a crocodile
No, you can't get friendly with a crocodile
Don't be taken in by his welcome grin
He's imagining how well you'd fit within his skin.

Never smile at a crocodile
Never tip your hat and stop to talk awhile
Never run, walk away, say good-night, not good-day
Clear the aisle but never smile at Mister Crocodile.

You may very well be well bred
Lots of etiquette in your head
But there's always some special case, time or place
To forget etiquette...

For instance:

Never smile at a crocodile
No, you can't get friendly with a crocodile
Don't be taken in by his welcome grin
He's imagining how well you'd fit within his skin.

Never smile at a crocodile
Never tip your hat and stop to talk awhile
Never run, walk away, say good-night, not good-day
Clear the aisle but never smile at Mister Crocodile.

Five Little Monkeys Sitting In a Tree

5 little monkeys swinging in a tree,

Teasing Mr. Crocodile:

"You can't catch me!"

 

Along comes Mr. Crocodile,

Silent as can be

And snapped 1 little monkey out of the tree!

 

4 little monkeys ...

 

3 little monkeys ...

 

2 little monkeys ...

 

1 little monkey ...

 

No more monkeys sitting in a tree,

Away swims Mr. Crocodile

As full as he can be!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other Children's Songs & Rhymes

 

Monkeys On the Bed
Five little monkeys,

jumping on the bed –

One fell off,
and bumped his head –

Mama called the doctor,
and the doctor said -

" No more monkeys,
jumping on the bed !"

~ ~

Four little monkeys,
jumping on the bed…

Three little monkeys,
jumping on the bed…

(and so on)





Five Little Bees
One little bee blew and flew -
He met a friend, and that made two.

Two little bees, busy as could be -
Along came another and that made three.

Three little bees, wanted one more -
Found one soon and that made four.

Four little bees, going to the hive -
Spied their little brother, and that made five.

Five little bees working every hour -
Buzz away, bees, and find another flower.





Five Little Birdies
[hold both hands in the air, one hand has all 5 fingers held up and the other hand has all 5 fingers bent down. As the verse is recited then bend down, or place up, each finger on either hand]

Five little birdies, flying around our door,
The blue one flew away and then there were four.

Four little birdies sitting in a tree,
The yellow one flew away and then there were three.

The little birdies didn't know what to do,
So the red one flew away, and then there were two.

Two little birdies sitting in the sun,
The Brown one flew away, and there was one.

The little green birdie felt so all alone,
He/she flew away and then there was none.

Later on that very day,
five little birdies came back to play.





Baby Turtles
One baby turtle alone and new.
Finds a friend, and then there are two.

Two baby turtles crawl down to the sea.
They find another, and then there are three.

Three baby turtles crawl along the shore.
They find another, and then there are four.

Four baby turtles go for a dive.
Up swims another, and then there are five.

Rudyard Kipling - Biography and Publications

The Life of Rudyard Kipling:

The Poetry Foundation - http://www.poetryfoundation.org/bio/rudyard-kipling

Wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudyard_Kipling

[From Wikipedia] Joseph Rudyard Kipling ( /ˈrʌdjəd ˈkɪplɪŋ/ rud-yəd kip-ling; 30 December 1865 – 18 January 1936) was an English poet, short-story writer, and novelist chiefly remembered for his celebration of British imperialism, tales and poems of British soldiers in India, and his tales for children. Kipling received the 1907 Nobel Prize for Literature. He was born in Bombay, in the Bombay Presidency of British India, and was taken by his family to England when he was five years old. Kipling is best known for his works of fiction, including The Jungle Book(a collection of stories which includes "Rikki-Tikki-Tavi"), Just So Stories (1902) (1894), Kim (1901) (a tale of adventure), many short stories, including "The Man Who Would Be King" (1888); and his poems, including Mandalay (1890), Gunga Din (1890), The White Man's Burden (1899) and If— (1910). He is regarded as a major "innovator in the art of the short story"; his children's books are enduring classics of children's literature; and his best works are said to exhibit "a versatile and luminous narrative gift".

Kipling was one of the most popular writers in England, in both prose and verse, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Henry James said: "Kipling strikes me personally as the most complete man of genius (as distinct from fine intelligence) that I have ever known." In 1907 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, making him the first English-language writer to receive the prize, and to date he remains its youngest recipient. Among other honours, he was sounded out for the British Poet Laureateship and on several occasions for a knighthood, all of which he declined.

Kipling's subsequent reputation has changed according to the political and social climate of the age and the resulting contrasting views about him continued for much of the 20th century. George Orwell called him a "prophet of British imperialism". Literary critic Douglas Kerr wrote: "He [Kipling] is still an author who can inspire passionate disagreement and his place in literary and cultural history is far from settled. But as the age of the European empires recedes, he is recognised as an incomparable, if controversial, interpreter of how empire was experienced. That, and an increasing recognition of his extraordinary narrative gifts, make him a force to be reckoned with."

Chronology of Rudyard Kipling http://ptmrot.com/KIPLING3/
	1865 Born in Bombay, where his father was a Professor of Architectural Sculpture at the Bombay School of Art.   1870 Rudyard and his younger sister are taken to England by his parents and placed in Calvinistic foster home were he is nagged, bullied and beaten. 1876 Rudyard's mother returns to England and discovers the mistreatment that her children had endured. Rudyard is removed from the foster home and he is sent to a private school called the United Services College.
1881 Schoolboy Lyrics published. 1882 Rudyard leaves school to return to India. His father, who was then the curator of the museum at Lahore, gets him a job as assistant editor of the English paper, The Civil and Military Gazette, which was published in that city. 1886 Departmental Ditties is published. 1887 After five years as sub-editor of the Civil and Military Gazette, Rudyard is sent to Allahabad, several hundred miles to the south, to work on the much more important sister-paper, The Pioneer. The proprietors were starting a weekly edition for home, and he was given the editorship. He publishes Soldier Tales, Indian Tales, and Tales of the Opposite Sex. Among them were such powerful and grusome stories as The Mark of the Beast and The Return of Imray. 1888 Publishes Plain Tales from the Hills his first work which explores the psychological and moral problems of the Anglo-Indians and their relationship with the people they had colonized. Also published are: Soldiers Three, The Story of the Gadsbys, In Black and White, Wee Wee Willie Winkie and Turn overs from "The Civil and Military Gazette"
1889 Rudyard leaves India for England and settles down in Villiers Street, Strand. 1890 The Courting of Dinah Shadd and Other Stories and The City of Dreadful Night are published. 1891 The Light that Failed, Letters of Marque and Life's Handicap are published. 1892 Barrack-Room Ballads, Rhymed Chapter Headings and The Naulahka are published. Rudyard marries Carolyn Balestier, the sister of Wolcott Balestier, who is an American. Because of his health breaking down, Rudyard and his wife settle down in Brattleboro, Vermont where his wife's family had long been established. Kipling's India (click to enlarge) 1893 Many Inventions is published. 1894 The Jungle Book is published. 1895 The Second Jungle Book is published. 1896 The Seven Seas and Soldier Tales is published. 1897 After a violent arguement with his in-laws, Rudyard and his wife move back to England and settles on a country estate. Captains Courageous is published. 1898 An Almanac of Twelve Sports,The Day's Work and A Fleet in Being are published. 1899 Rudyard goes to South Africa, in the midst of the defeats of the Boer War. His eldest daughter Josephine dies of measles. Stalky and Co. and From Sea to Sea are published. 1900 The Kipling Reader is published. 1901 Kim and War's Brighter Side are published. 1902 Just So Stories is published. 1903 The Five Nations is published. 1904 Traffics and Discoveries is published. 1906 Puck of Pook's Hill is published. 1907 Collected Verse is published. Rudyard Kipling becomes the first English author to recieve the Nobel Prize for Literature. 1909 Actions and Reactions is published. 1910 Rewards and Fairies is published. 1911 A History of England is published. Kipling's England (click to enlarge) 1912 Collected Verse (British edition) and Songs from Books is published. 1914 Rudyard emerges from seclusion as the official writer-up of the new armed forces of the Crown. 1915 The New Army in Training and France in War are published. "Mary Postgate." 1916 Rudyard's son is killed with the Irish Guards. Sea Warfare is published. 1917 A Diversity of Creatures is published. 1919 The Graves of the Fallen and The Years Between are published. 1920 Horace Odes, Book V and Letters of Travel are published. 1923 Elected Lord Rector of St. Andrews University. The Irish Guards in the Great War and Land and Sea are published. 1924 Songs for Youth is published. 1926 Sea and Sussex and Debits and Credits are published. 1927 Songs of the Sea is published. 1928 A Book of Words is published. 1929 Poems, 1886-1929 is published. 1930 Thy Servant A Dog is published. 1932 Limits and Renewals is published. 1934 Collected Dog Stories is published. 1936 January 18th Rudyard Kipling dies of a perforated duodenum. Authorial Progress of Kipling http://www.poetryfoundation.org/bio/rudyard-kipling Career Poet, essayist, novelist, journalist, and writer of short stories. Worked as a journalist for Civil and Military Gazette, Lahore, India, 1882-89; assistant editor and overseas correspondent for the Allahabad Pioneer, Allahabad, India, 1887-89; associate editor and correspondent for The Friend, Bloemfontein, South Africa, 1900, covering the Boer War. Rector of University of St. Andrews, 1922- 25. Bibliography POETRY Schoolboy Lyrics, privately printed, 1881. (With sister, Beatrice Kipling) Echoes: By Two Writers, Civil and Military Gazette Press (Lahore), 1884. Departmental Ditties and Other Verses, Civil and Military Gazette Press, 1886, 2nd edition, enlarged, Thacker, Spink (Calcutta), 1886, 3rd edition, further enlarged, 1888, 4th edition, still further enlarged, W. Thacker (London), 1890, deluxe edition, 1898. Departmental Ditties, Barrack-Room Ballads and Other Verses (contains the fifty poems of the fourth edition of Departmental Ditties and Other Verses and seventeen new poems later published as Ballads and Barrack-Room Ballads), United States Book Co., 1890, revised edition published as Departmental Ditties and Ballads and Barrack-Room Ballads, Doubleday McClure, 1899. Ballads and Barrack-Room Ballads, Macmillan, 1892, new edition, with additional poems, 1893, published as The Complete Barrack-Room Ballads of Rudyard Kipling, edited by Charles Carrington, Methuen, 1973, reprint published as Barrack Room Ballads and Other Verses, White Rose Press, 1987. The Rhyme of True Thomas, D. Appleton, 1894. The Seven Seas, D. Appleton, 1896, reprinted, Longwood Publishing Group, 1978. Recessional (Victorian ode in commemoration of Queen Victoria's Jubilee), M. F. Mansfield, 1897. Mandalay, drawings by Blanche McManus, M. F. Mansfield, 1898, reprinted, Doubleday, Page, 1921. The Betrothed, drawings by McManus, M. F. Mansfield and A. Wessells, 1899. Poems, Ballads, and Other Verses, illustrations by V. Searles, H. M. Caldwell, 1899. Belts, A. Grosset, 1899. Cruisers, Doubleday McClure, 1899. The Reformer, Doubleday, Page, 1901. The Lesson, Doubleday, Page, 1901. The Five Nations, Doubleday, Page, 1903. The Muse among the Motors, Doubleday, Page, 1904. The Sons of Martha, Doubleday, Page, 1907. The City of Brass, Doubleday, Page, 1909. Cuckoo Song, Doubleday, Page, 1909. A Patrol Song, Doubleday, Page, 1909. A Song of the English, illustrations by W. Heath Robinson, Doubleday, Page, 1909. If, Doubleday, Page, 1910, reprinted, Doubleday, 1959. The Declaration of London, Doubleday, Page, 1911. The Spies' March, Doubleday, Page, 1911. Three Poems (contains The River's Tale, The Roman Centurion Speaks, and The Pirates in England), Doubleday, Page, 1911. Songs from Books, Doubleday, Page, 1912. An Unrecorded Trial, Doubleday, Page, 1913. For All We Have and Are, Methuen, 1914. The Children's Song, Macmillan, 1914. A Nativity, Doubleday, Page, 1917. A Pilgrim's Way, Doubleday, Page, 1918. The Supports, Doubleday, Page, 1919. The Years Between, Doubleday, Page, 1919. The Gods of the Copybook Headings, Doubleday, Page, 1919, reprinted, 1921. The Scholars, Doubleday, Page, 1919. Great-Heart, Doubleday, Page, 1919. Danny Deever, Doubleday, Page, 1921. The King's Pilgrimage, Doubleday, Page, 1922. Chartres Windows, Doubleday, Page, 1925. A Choice of Songs, Doubleday, Page, 1925. Sea and Sussex, with an introductory poem by the author and illustrations by Donald Maxwell, Doubleday, Page, 1926. A Rector's Memory, Doubleday, Page, 1926. Supplication of the Black Aberdeen, illustrations by G. L. Stampa, Doubleday, Doran, 1929. The Church That Was at Antioch, Doubleday, Doran, 1929. The Tender Achilles, Doubleday, Doran, 1929. Unprofessional, Doubleday, Page, 1930. The Day of the Dead, Doubleday, Doran, 1930. Neighbours, Doubleday, Doran, 1932. The Storm Cone, Doubleday, Doran, 1932. His Apologies, illustrations by Cecil Aldin, Doubleday, Doran, 1932. The Fox Meditates, Doubleday, Doran, 1933. To the Companions, Doubleday, Doran, 1933. Bonfires on the Ice, Doubleday, Doran, 1933. Our Lady of the Sackcloth, Doubleday, Doran, 1935. Hymn of the Breaking Strain, Doubleday, Doran, 1935. Doctors, The Waster, The Flight, Cain and Abel, [and] The Appeal, Doubleday, Doran, 1939. A Choice of Kipling's Verse, selected and introduced by T. S. Eliot, Faber, 1941, Scribner, 1943. B.E.L., Doubleday, Doran, 1944. Poems of Rudyard Kipling, Avenel, 1995. SHORT STORIES In Black and White, A. H. Wheeler (Allahabad), 1888, 1st American edition, Lovell, 1890. Plain Tales from the Hills, Thacker, Spink, 1888 , 2nd edition, revised, 1889, 1st English edition, revised, Macmillan, 1890, 1st American edition, revised, Doubleday McClure, 1899, reprint edited by H. R. Woudhuysen, Penguin, 1987. The Phantom 'Rickshaw and Other Tales, A. H. Wheeler, 1888, revised edition, 1890, reprinted, Hurst, 1901. The Story of the Gadsbys: A Tale With No Plot, A. H. Wheeler, 1888, 1st American edition, Lovell, 1890. Soldiers Three: A Collection of Stories Setting Forth Certain Passages in the Lives and Adventures of Privates Terence Mulvaney, Stanley Ortheris, and John Learoyd, A. H. Wheeler, 1888, 1st American edition, revised, Lovell, 1890, reprinted, Belmont, 1962. Under the Deodars, A. H. Wheeler, 1888, 1st American edition, enlarged, Lovell, 1890. The Courting of Dinah Shadd and Other Stories, with a biographical and critical sketch by Andrew Lang, Harper, 1890, reprinted, Books for Libraries, 1971. His Private Honour, Macmillan, 1891. The Smith Administration, A. H. Wheeler, 1891. Mine Own People, introduction by Henry James, United States Book Co., 1891. Many Inventions, D. Appleton, 1893, reprinted, Macmillan, 1982. Mulvaney Stories, 1897, reprinted, Books for Libraries, 1971. The Day's Work, Doubleday McClure, 1898, reprinted, Books for Libraries, 1971, reprinted with introduction by Constantine Phipps, Penguin, 1988. The Drums of the Fore and Aft, illustrations by L. J. Bridgman, Brentano's, 1898. The Man Who Would Be King, Brentano's, 1898. Black Jack, F. T. Neely, 1899. Without Benefit of Clergy, Doubleday McClure, 1899. The Brushwood Boy, illustrations by Orson Lowell, Doubleday & McClure, 1899, reprinted, with illustrations by F. H. Townsend, Doubleday, Page, 1907. Railway Reform in Great Britain, Doubleday, Page, 1901. Traffics and Discoveries, Doubleday, Page, 1904, reprinted, Penguin, 1987. They, Scribner, 1904. Abaft the Funnel, Doubleday, Page, 1909. Actions and Reactions, Doubleday, Page, 1909. A Diversity of Creatures, Doubleday, Page, 1917, reprinted, Macmillan, 1966, reprinted, Penguin, 1994. "The Finest Story in the World" and Other Stories, Little Leather Library, 1918. Debits and Credits, Doubleday, Page, 1926, reprinted, Macmillan, 1965. Thy Servant a Dog, Told by Boots, illustrations by Marguerite Kirmse, Doubleday, Doran, 1930. Beauty Spots, Doubleday, Doran, 1931. Limits and Renewals, Doubleday, Doran, 1932. The Pleasure Cruise, Doubleday, Doran, 1933. Collected Dog Stories, illustrations by Kirmse, Doubleday, Doran, 1934. Ham and the Porcupine, Doubleday, Doran, 1935. Teem: A Treasure-Hunter, Doubleday, Doran, 1935. The Maltese Cat: A Polo Game of the 'Nineties, illustrations by Lionel Edwards, Doubleday, Doran, 1936. "Thy Servant a Dog" and Other Dog Stories, illustrations by G. L. Stampa, Macmillan, 1938, reprinted, 1982. Their Lawful Occasions, White Rose Press, 1987. John Brunner Presents Kipling's Science Fiction: Stories, T. Doherty Associates (New York, NY), 1992. John Brunner Presents Kipling's Fantasy: Stories, T. Doherty Associates (New York, NY), 1992. The Man Who Would Be King, and Other Stories, Dover, 1994. The Science Fiction Stories of Rudyard Kipling, Carol, 1994. Collected Stories, edited by John Brunner, Knopf, 1994. The Works of Rudyard Kipling, Longmeadow Press, 1995. The Haunting of Holmescraft, Books of Wonder (New York, NY), 1998. The Mark of the Beast, and Other Horror Tales, Dover Publications (Mineola, NY), 2000. The Metaphysical Kipling, Aeon (Mamaroneck, NY), 2000. L. L. Owens, Tales of Rudyard Kipling: Retold Timeless Classics, Perfection Learning (Logan, IA), 2000. Craig Raine, editor and author of introduction, Selected Stories of Rudyard Kipling, Modern Library (New York, NY), 2002. NOVELS The Light That Failed, J. B. Lippincott, 1891, revised edition, Macmillan, 1891, reprinted, Penguin, 1988. (With Wolcott Balestier) The Naulahka: A Story of West and East, Macmillan, 1892, reprinted, Doubleday, Page, 1925. Kim, illustrations by father, J. Lockwood Kipling, Doubleday, Page, 1901, new edition, with illustrations by Stuart Tresilian, Macmillan, 1958, reprinted, with introduction by Alan Sandison, Oxford University Press, 1987. CHILDREN'S BOOKS "Wee Willie Winkie" and Other Child Stories, A. H. Wheeler, 1888, 1st American edition, Lovell, 1890, reprinted, Penguin, 1988. The Jungle Book (short stories and poems; also see below), illustrations by John Lockwood Kipling, W. H. Drake, and P. Frenzeny, Macmillan, 1894, adapted and abridged by Anne L. Nelan, with illustrations by Earl Thollander, Fearon, 1967 , reprinted, with illustrations by John Lockwood Kipling and Drake, Macmillan, 1982, adapted by G. C. Barrett, with illustrations by Don Daily, Courage Books, 1994, reprinted, with illustrations by Fritz Eichenberg, Grosset Dunlap, 1995, reprinted, with illustrations by Kurt Wiese, Knopf, 1994. The Second Jungle Book (short stories and poems), illustrations by John Lockwood Kipling, Century Co., 1895, reprinted, Macmillan, 1982. "Captains Courageous": A Story of the Grand Banks, Century Co., 1897, abridged edition, illustrated by Rafaello Busoni, Hart Publishing, 1960, reprinted, with an afterword by C. A. Bodelsen, New American Library, 1981, reprinted, Oxford University Press, 1995. Stalky Co. (short stories), Doubleday McClure, 1899, reprinted, Bantam, 1985, new and abridged edition, Pendulum Press, 1977. Just So Stories for Little Children (short stories and poems), illustrations by the author, Doubleday, Page, 1902, reprinted, Silver Burdett, 1986, revised edition, edited by Lisa Lewis, Oxford University Press, 1995, reprinted, with illustrations by Barry Moser, Books of Wonder, 1996. Puck of Pook's Hill (short stories and poems), Doubleday, 1906, reprinted, New American Library, 1988. Rewards and Fairies (short stories and poems), illustrations by Frank Craig, Doubleday, Page, 1910, revised edition, with illustrations by Charles E. Brock, Macmillan, 1926, reprinted, Penguin, 1988. Toomai of the Elephants, Macmillan, 1937. The Miracle of Purun Bhagat, Creative Education, 1985. Gunga Din, Harcourt, 1987. Mowgli Stories from "The Jungle Book," illustrated by Thea Kliros, Dover, 1994. The Elephant's Child, illustrated by John A. Rowe, North-South Books, 1995. The Beginning of the Armadillos, illustrated by John A. Rowe, North-South Books, 1995. Thomas Pinney, editor and author of introduction, The Jungle Play, Allen Lane/Penguin Press (New York, NY), 2000. How the Camel Got His Hump, North-South Books (New York, NY), 2001. The Classic Tale of the Jungle Book: A Young Reader's Edition of the Classic Story, Courage Books (Philadelphia, PA), 2003. TRAVEL WRITINGS Letters of Marque (also see below), A. H. Wheeler, 1891. American Notes, M. J. Ivers, 1891, reprinted, Ayer Co., 1974, revised edition published as American Notes: Rudyard Kipling's West, University of Oklahoma Press, 1981. From Sea to Sea and Other Sketches, two volumes, Doubleday & McClure, 1899, published as one volume, Doubleday, Page, 1909, reprinted, 1925. Letters to the Family: Notes on a Recent Trip to Canada, Macmillan of Canada, 1908. Letters of Travel, 1892-1913, Doubleday, Page, 1920. Land and Sea Tales for Scouts and Guides, Macmillan (London), 1923, published as Land and Sea Tales for Boys and Girls, Doubleday, Page, 1923. Souvenirs of France, Macmillan, 1933. Brazilian Sketches, Doubleday, Doran, 1940. Letters from Japan, edited with an introduction and notes by Donald Richie and Yoshimori Harashima, Kenkyusha, 1962. NAVAL AND MILITARY WRITINGS A Fleet in Being: Notes of Two Trips With the Channel Squadron, Macmillan, 1899. The Army of a Dream, Doubleday, Page, 1904, reprinted, White Rose Press, 1987. The New Army, Doubleday, Page, 1914. The Fringes of the Fleet, Doubleday, Page, 1915. France at War: On the Frontier of Civilization, Doubleday, Page, 1915. Sea Warfare, Macmillan, 1916, Doubleday, Page, 1917. Tales of "The Trade," Doubleday, Page, 1916. The Eyes of Asia, Doubleday, Page, 1918. The Irish Guards, Doubleday, Page, 1918. The Graves of the Fallen, Imperial War Graves Commission, 1919. The Feet of the Young Men, photographs by Lewis R. Freeman, Doubleday, Page, 1920. The Irish Guards in the Great War: Edited and Compiled from Their Diaries and Papers, two volumes, Doubleday, Page, 1923, Volume I: The First Battalion, Volume II: The Second Battalion and Appendices. OTHER The City of Dreadful Night and Other Places (articles; also see below), A. H. Wheeler, 1891. Out of India: Things I Saw, and Failed to See, in Certain Days and Nights at Jeypore and Elsewhere (includes The City of Dreadful Night and Other Places and Letters of Marque), Dillingham, 1895. (With Charles R. L. Fletcher) A History of England, Doubleday, Page, 1911, published as Kipling's Pocket History of England, with illustrations by Henry Ford, Greenwich, 1983. How Shakespeare Came to Write "The Tempest," introduction by Ashley H. Thorndike, Dramatic Museum of Columbia University, 1916. London Town: November 11, 1918-1923, Doubleday, Page, 1923. The Art of Fiction, J. A. Allen, 1926. A Book of Words: Selections from Speeches and Addresses Delivered between 1906 and 1927, Doubleday, Doran, 1928. Mary Kingsley, Doubleday, Doran, 1932. Proofs of Holy Writ, Doubleday, Doran, 1934. Something of Myself for My Friends Known and Unknown (autobiography), Doubleday, Doran, 1937, reprinted, Penguin Classics, 1989. Rudyard Kipling to Rider Haggard: The Record of a Friendship, edited by Morton Cohen, Hutchinson, 1965. The Portable Kipling, edited by Irving Howe, Viking, 1982. "O Beloved Kids": Rudyard Kipling's Letters to His Children, selected and edited by Elliot L. Gilbert, Harcourt, 1984. The Letters of Rudyard Kipling, Vols. 1-3, edited by Thomas Pinney, University of Iowa Press (Iowa City, IA), 1990. Writings of Literature by Rudyard Kipling, edited by Sandra Kemp and Lisa Lewis, Cambridge University Press, 1995. Writings on Writing, edited by Kemp and Lewis, Cambridge University Press, 1996. Also author of The Harbor Watch (one-act play; unpublished), 1913, and The Return of Imray (play; unpublished), 1914. Many of Kipling's works first appeared in periodicals, including four Anglo-Indian newspapers, the Civil and Military Gazette, the Pioneer, Pioneer News, Week's News; the Scots Observer and its successor, the National Observer; London Morning Post, the London Times, the English Illustrated Magazine, Macmillan's Magazine, McClure's Magazine, Pearson's Magazine, Spectator, Atlantic, Ladies' Home Journal, and Harper's Weekly. The recently discovered short story "Scylla and Charybdis" was published in the Spring, 2004 issue of the Kipling Society Journal. His works are collected in more than one hundred omnibus volumes. Collections of his papers may be found in many libraries, including the Houghton Library at Harvard University, the New York Public Library, the Library of Congress, and the Pierpoint Morgan Library.